Contributions of Ancient Civilizations Essay - 820 Words

For thousands of years, people all over the world have developed, progressed, and eventually formed civilizations. A civilization is a community characterized by elements such as a system of writing, a development of social classes, and cities. Early civilizations such as ancient Greece, classical Rome, Mesopotamia, and classical China have made many contributions to society that still affect people in the modern world. The inventions, progress, and contributions of the people of these ancient civilizations and others have shaped the world that we all live in today. Ancient Mesopotamia was one of the first of the ancient civilizations. It formed in present-day northeastern Egypt, in the Fertile Crescent. The Fertile Crescent is a†¦show more content†¦Silk later became a very important item for China to gain wealth in trade. During the Han Dynasty, between the years 206 B.C. to 220 A.D., the most progress was made in China. The great emperor Wudi created the first civi l service system. They instituted examinations to determine who would get jobs in the government. This was a major breakthrough because it was the first time that the emperor was not able to simply appoint anyone he wanted to different government positions. Also, the Chinese discovered how to make paper out of wood pulp. This was a revolutionary invention because everyone today uses paper everyday. Chinese artists were the first to use ivory carvings, bronze and ceramic in their works. Other inventions of the Chinese included the wheelbarrow, the fishing reel, and the rudder, which was used to steer ships. Also, the Chinese invented acupuncture, and they used anesthesia and herbal remedies. These are things that are particularly important in medicine during modern times. Ancient Greece was an incredible civilization that made contributions that are crucial to modern day life. Athens, a city-state in ancient Greece, was the first to use direct democracy, a system in which male citizens took part in government every day. Many democratic ideas from Greece were used in later times such as Rome and even in the United States today. Also, the ornate columns that the ancient Greeks developed are still used in different types ofShow MoreRelatedThe Contributions of Ancient Civilizations to History Essay855 Words   |  4 PagesWhat contributions did near eastern civilizations make to history? New ideas and inventions of Pre History man were important, but how they evolved and led to new and more complex ideas and inventions is imperative to history. Over time these advancements brought people into a more efficient living environment, making for higher population and spread of cultural, political, economic, and social ideals over large geographical areas. What we know about the people before written records is limitedRead More Contributions to Western Civilization Made by Ancient Greece and Rome2004 Words   |  9 PagesThe ancient Greeks and Romans were perhaps two of the greatest civilizations of the ancient world. These two civilizations thrived in their ancient environments which eventually led to a vast amount of prosperity within these two cultures. It is because of this prosperity that these ancient cultures were able to make a variety of advancements in literature, architecture, art and a variety of other fields. These two civilizations also produced some of the ancient world’s greatest writers, leadersRead More Ancient Romes Contribution to Western Civilization Essay582 Words   |  3 PagesAncient Rome has contributed to the development of Western Civilisation. Ancient Rome was a sophisticated country that helped us build up this society that we now live in ? Western Civilisation by lending attributes that have made our world into what it has become. The government of Ancient Rome was (one of) the first to be created. If Romulus had not set down laws and chosen people to govern Rome, we would probably be all living in a very different way now. Also, Ancient Roman architecture has influencedRead MoreAncient Greek And Romes Impact On Western Literature1642 Words   |  7 Pagesroman culture had on western civilization The ancient Greeks and Romans were two of the greatest civilizations of the ancient world. The two civilizations thrived in their ancient environments which eventually led to a large amount of wealth within these two cultures. It is because of this that these ancient cultures were able to make a variety of advancements in literature, architecture, art and many other fields. These two civilizations also produced some of the ancient world’s greatest leaders andRead MoreContributions of Greek Civilization to Western Civilization825 Words   |  4 PagesAlejandra Fraguada Ancient amp; Medieval Western Civilization Contributions of Greek Civilization to Western Civilization. Ancient Greeks made many influential contributions to western civilization such as in the areas of philosophy, art and architecture, math and science. These contributions, which are also the achievements of ancient Greece, include certain things in the areas of philosophy, art, architecture, math and science. The ancient Greeks were a remarkable civilization in that they haveRead MoreHow Did Ancient Greece Influence Western Civilization1291 Words   |  6 Pages Ancient Greek made many advances during their time in many subjects still used today. The ancient Greeks advances in these subjects, influenced and contributed to the Western civilization. The Western civilization’s culture and outlook on life was shaped by ancient Greek. Many things the ancient Greeks created were the basis for what we use today, including, architecture, art, dramas, math, science, and philosophy. The ancient Greeks have made many contributions to Western civilization in theRead MoreScientific and Mathematical Contributions of Ancient Greece, China, and India1112 Words   |  4 Pagesmathematical skills and theories from ancient civilizations. Ancient Greece is often known for its strong advancements in philosophy. Ancient China is most well known for its inventions. The Ancient Indian civilization is usually not viewed as an important society in ancient history because they kept very few written records. Most people dont know just how important Ancient India actually was in history. The scientific and mathematical contributions of Ancient Greece, China, and India have all hadRead MoreDbq: Ancient Greek Contributions1467 Words   |  6 PagesDBQ: ANCIENT GREEK CONTRIBUTIONS The Ancient Greek contribution ranged by the 1900-133 BC, however its influence on the Western Literate Society lasts to this day. As the Greeks expanded their empire, they spread their ideas to other countries, while also borrowing from other cultures. During this period of time, the Greeks made many significant and long-lasting contribution to our modern culture in Philosophy, Art, Democracy, Drama, Math, and Science. These givings of important ideasRead MoreReflection of Humanities807 Words   |  4 PagesBlackmon Western history and civilization is of vast importance to understanding the great story of humanity. The study of the ancient civilizations has shown itself to me to be a new found interest as the journey of the course had lead me to see the magnificent accomplishments of mankind, and the possibilities of our potential; both in glory and darkness. In this reflection paper, I will look back upon the beginnings of our studies of the development of the early civilizations from the Sumerians to theRead MoreWhat Did the Greek and Roman Culture Leave for Europe889 Words   |  4 PagesWhat did the Greek and Roman culture leave for Europe The ancient Greek and Roman civilization is not only the cradle of Europe culture , but also the Western culture. The two major ancient civilization is the worlds two eternal monument of cultural history, is the golden age of the West with great relish. Hard-working people of ancient Greece and Rome created countless masterpieces with their wisdom. Ancient Greek culture is the source of Roman culture, Roman culture developed constantly

Atoms for Peace

Atoms for Peace? The discovery of the nuclear energy in the twentieth century is one of the most ambiguous scientific achievements in the history of mankind. It is strongly associated both with some of the most horrific world tragedies and the most interesting technological ideas. So, what is more important when considering the issue of atomic energy, its benefits or its dangers? On the one hand, the advantages of using the nuclear technology are difficult to overestimate. A single nuclear power plant can produce as much energy as four fuel-burning ones. However, it does not pollute the air or depend on the oil deposits. Being the most destructive application of the atomic energy, nuclear weapons still perform a very special function of sustaining the world peace, as everybody understands the the use of them in case of World War III would totally destroy our planet. Nevertheless, I strongly disagree with the idea that these benefits overweigh the dangers. Together with successful peaceful applications of nuclear energy, the world experienced the two most appalling tragedies: Hiroshima bombing in 1945, which took 166 000 lives as a result of the explosion itself and far reaching effects, such as radiation sickness and cancer, and Chernobyl catastrophe of 1986, which resulted in the radioactive contamination of a huge territory and emergency evacuation of more than 200 000 people. These two examples are more than enough to realize what a destructive force the atomic technology could be. Even when being used for peaceful purposes, it requires strict safety rules, which are often violated. So, whatever the advantages of the technology are, its use is connected with too many dangers. And if the price of a single mistake is the total demolition of our wonderful green planet, is it really worth using?

Ian s Shattered - 817 Words

Ian, a teenage caucasian boy is the one of the main characters in the novel â€Å"Shattered†. Ian has a lanky body type which in others words means he is very tall and skinny. Ian’s family consists of him an only child his two hardworking busy parents and his caring nanny Berta. Ian comes off as shy and vulnerable to many people in the story possibly because of his shyness and physical stature. Ian has many habits he has and obtains during the period of the book. One of his main habits is helping out at the soup kitchen to gain his 40 hours needed for his high school civics class. Ian also gains a habit of learning more about the Rwandan genocide later into the book. Ian can also is very determined at sometimes in the book, that shows when Ian is so determined and inclined research Rwanda that he researches to the point that he gets scared to read more about it. Ian also is very trendy in the book, which is shown when Ian was approached by 3 young males in park at night attempting to steal his shoes which I would believe to be expensive and stylish. Ian has one big challenge in the book which is also related to one of his hopes, the one large hope Ian has is for Sarge to get better and get off the streets but the challenge he faces is sarge in denying that he will go to it or that he even needs it. Another hope Ian has near the end of the book is that his nanny Berta will stay in guatemala to help the street children there. Besides both those fears Ian pushes through and succeedsShow MoreRelatedReview on the Novel Atonement1207 Words   |  5 Pagesmore of a rarity that the particular character be a young child. Yet, this is exactly what Ian McEwan has done with his Crime Novel, Atonement. McEwan intentionally turns his readers against Briony Tallis, a young girl transitioning from the naivete of childhood into the new and confusing years of adolescence; a point in one s life when mistakes are dubbed as necessary stepping stones to further unders tand one s self rather than life long regrets and unsubduable self-loathing. McEwan takes the innocenceRead MoreAtonement - the Unrealiable Narrator1080 Words   |  5 PagesAtonement Ââ€" Analytical Essay Ian McEwan s ambitious and prize-winning novel, Atonement follows the actions of a young girl, Briony Tallis, who witnesses an event which she knows holds some kind of significance. Yet her limited understanding of adult motives leads her to co ¬Ã‚ ¬mmit a crime that will change the lives of everyone involved. As she grows older, she begins to understand her actions and the grief that has been caused. The entire novel is an attempt of reconciliation that Briony undertakesRead MoreEssay on Worldwide Denial of Global Warming1439 Words   |  6 Pagesglobal warming will have a lasting impact on the entire world. All people in all nations will experience unfortunate outcomes if something isn?t done soon. Global warming is well underway, as much as we want to stop it completely, it?s not that simple. Due to the way the world has grown and evolved it is partially impossible stop the emission of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. Even if we stopped all of these gasses emitted into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would still see aRead MorePandemica Gramatica Essay1406 Words   |  6 Pagesglobal population. 200 years later, influenza killed another 15 million. Then, in the early 1900’s, the Spanish Flu infected 500 million people in only two years. Pandemics have affected the world since the biblical era. These rampaging viruses have turned once prosperous towns into lonely ghost towns. Civilizations have been reshaped, cultures and politics devolved, and the hope of nations has been shattered. When will the next pandemic hit? What will it be? What can be done, if anything at all? AccordingRead MoreAnalysis Of Fred Schepis s A Cry1841 Words   |  8 PagesSTAGE 1: ANALYSIS Fred Schepis s A Cry in the Dark 1988 is a movie based on the courtroom drama with taglines around A family torn apart, a crowd full of rage and a woman accused of murder. It is a movie that runs for 120 minutes (feature length film). The movie DVD comes with a widescreen anamorphic transfer that helps in the conservation of the original acting aspect ratio of 1.85:1. The soundtracks are in English and French and are in the form of Dolby Digital Surround technology. It also hasRead MoreAnalysis Of Maria Bamfords Lady Dynamite1788 Words   |  8 Pagesseriously addressed that she needs help. This normalizes Naomi’s behavior and someone who may have similar experiences will not know that they may need treatments. While there are other shows with bipolar characters that are currently airing, like Ian Clayton Gallagher from Shameless and Andre Lyon in Empire, â€Å"Lady Dynamite† explores symptoms of bipolar 2 from the perspective of someone who lives with the disorder rather than a third person perspective or a perspective of a character without bipolarRead MoreEssay about Cultural Report: Hollywood 1900-19402097 Words   |  9 Pagesoff the audience’s anticipation of amazing new sights and for a while, this â€Å"cinema of attraction† was completely captivating. The relative newness of the moving image soon wore off though and filmmakers and producers such as D.W. Griffith, Edward S. Porter and Adolph Zukor stepped up to become innovators of cinematic technique, almost single-handedly pushing the evolution of film form forward. Around 1910 people like Adolph Zukor and William Fox began to steer cinema more towards the middleRead MorePromethean Motif3025 Words   |  13 Pageson the human struggle, rather than the god-like gift of fire that is trivial in comparison. A final lesson we are to learn from Prometheus is to â€Å"Make Death a Victory.† Prometheus teaches us not to want life, and thus to want less than our opponent(s) (Dennis 149). In the poem, we see this when Prometheus remains silent in his suffering while his opponent, Thunderer, demands his prophesy (to save his life). Prometheus wants less than his oppressor does. Prometheus can only demonstrate the power ofRead MoreCloning : A World Problem Or Abomination Against Mankind3402 Words   |  14 PagesDolly was an excruciating one that took two hundred seventy seven tries. Other laboratories at that time were unable to produce similar results to Dolly’s, much less a living, functioning clone. Dolly was so influential and renowned because she â€Å"shattered theories in science,’’ (Kolata, 2003) said Dr. Randall Prather, a cloning expert at the University of Missouri. People thought clones were impossible to create because of the complexity involved, and the failures that had happened in the past. WithRead MoreThe Significance of Nazi Propaganda under Hitlers Rule Essay3090 Words   |  13 Pagesused in an attempt to explain why these changes were happening and therefore, perhaps, reduce opposition therefore maintaining Hitler in power (Welch, The Third Reich – Politics and Propaganda, 1995, p.56). Some historians, such as Ian Kershaw, argue that propaganda relating to the idea of ‘Volksgemeinschaft’ actually had little influence in maintaining support for Hitler, (Welch, The Third Reich – Politics and Propaganda, 1995, p.58)and some such as Tim Mason, would

Criminal Justice Essay - 985 Words

Criminal Justice Essay Jeremy Hanes CJA/204 10 June2013 Erica Veljic In today’s society crime is increasing every day and the types of crime are changing. It seems more and more that crimes of identity theft and organized crime are on the rise. According to the CJi Interactive Media crime is defined as â€Å" conduct in violation of the criminal laws of the state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction, for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse.† That means that â€Å" crime â€Å" depends on where you are. The same behavior may or may not be a crime depending on the state of the actor, time of day, the year, the location of the act, or even the reasons behind the behavior.†¦show more content†¦It explains how an offender will commit a crime for his or her own benefit or personal gain. The individual knows the act is criminal but the reward outweighs the consequence. Another theory is Sociological Positivism, this theory studies the relationships between public influences and crime. This theory is fueled by a study of social structures within an offender’s environment. Biological Positivism is another theory developed by Cesare Lombroso in the late 1800s and studies the change and physical differences between criminals and non-criminals, saying that some people are born as criminals. One more theory is the Psychological Positivism which introduces that the cause of crimes is rooted in the offender’s mental health stability or in personality disorders. For example, schizophrenia, bi-polar disease, psychopathic personality, and depression to name a few. This theory the individual who may or may not know what reality is. The offender may have a chemical imbalance that does not allow them to know right from wrong and the cause of the crime may be from inside and unavoidable versus a controlled decision. Society sees these views and have studied and applied them still today, but society uses to common models to determine which acts are criminal. One model is call ed the consensus model. This model is based on a wide variety of people who comeShow MoreRelatedCriminal Justice Essay598 Words   |  3 Pageslaws being put into the law books that help victims when violated, the courts are still not looking out for those individuals who have in fact be victimized. â€Å"Advocates for victims’ rights have long complained that they have been sidelined by a criminal justice system that is focused on the interplay between the state and the defendant†. (Boland amp; Butler, 2009)This statement alone dictates how the system actually works when it comes to the victim in court. Most individuals lose sight that thereRead More Criminal Justice Essay1543 Words   |  7 PagesCriminal Justice This paper will describe my understanding of the text and of the lectures provided in the class. Unlike most classes, where I understood only my view of the text, this class was geared so each student would understand each other’s view. 3 An organization is a collective that has some boundary and internal structure that engages in activities related to some complex set of goals. Members of organizations attempt to meet their psychological, ego and emotional needs within theRead MoreScottish Criminal Justice Essay1926 Words   |  8 PagesScottish Criminal Justice Scottish criminal justice is a very complicated are of study. There are many different topics of thought that surround the Scottish criminal justice system, in terms of both physical and mental areas. The criminal justice system stems out into a number of different other subject areas mainly because criminal justice affects so many different fields in society. It’s not just simply about police arresting criminals, the accused going to courtRead MoreExpository Essay : The Criminal Justice Department1081 Words   |  5 PagesKortez Campbell English 101-I November 18 2015 Expository essay on college major Introduction The Criminal Justice Department provides educational opportunities to help gain skills and knowledge in the areas of criminal delinquent process, criminology, and corrections while evaluating moral and ethical issue of public servants. As a student at Chowan University my career path is law enforcement. I stride to obtain a Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement Track, B.S degree, obtaining this degreeRead MoreLeadership Skills and Criminal Justice Essay858 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership Skills for Criminal Justice Professionals Leadership involves the commitment, dedication, and risk taking attitude of the individual, which also includes other skills to accomplish the tasks. â€Å"In a criminal justice organization, leadership is essential to the success of the goals of the organization† (McKinney, 2008).Criminal justice professionals should develop and maintain leadership skills in their professional and personal lives because they are role models, and their decision-makingRead More The Criminal Justice System Essay1476 Words   |  6 PagesThe criminal justice system is composed of three parts – Police, Courts and Corrections – and all three work together to protect an individual’s rights and the rights of society to live without fear of being a victim of crime. According to merriam-webster.com, crime is defined as â€Å"an act that is forbidden or omission of a duty that is commanded by public law and that makes the offender liable to punishment by that law.† When al l the three parts work together, it makes the criminal justice systemRead More The Criminal Justice System Essay1568 Words   |  7 PagesProblem Statement The criminal justice system treats all forms of serious crimes in an unforgiving manner. If the offenders commit a crime while under the influence of drugs, they are likely to be put in prison for a longer period of time rather than someone who committed the same kind of crime but was not under the influence of drugs (Taylor, 2008). With that said there are many causes of drug related crimes. Usually when there is a drug related crime it tends to be more serious in termsRead MoreEssay on Procedures in the Criminal Justice System1032 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The criminal process is part of the State’s response to crime, part of the mechanism which the State applies substantive criminal law to its citizens†. (Ashworth Redmayne, 2005, p.2) Within this essay, I will be looking at the procedures in the Criminal Justice System. Before laying the foundations of this work, I will briefly dedicate a few lines on what the Criminal Justice System is about. A Criminal Justice System is a set of legal and social establishments for carrying out the criminalRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesCole wrote, quot;our criminal justice system affirmatively depends on inequalityquot; (5). Cole has substantial grounds for making this statement. Race and class have long been issues in the criminal justice system, but does the system quot;affirmatively depend on inequality?quot; Does the criminal justice system depend on the disparities of the people that it serves? American justice is supposed to be blind. Despite this there have been many disparities in the justice system due to racial,Read MoreCriminal Justice Trends Essay1572 Words   |  7 PagesThe criminal justice system is a group of institutions that work together to protect a society, prevent and control crime, and maintain justice; enforcing the laws regulated by society. As the years have gone by and society has evolved; so have the criminal justice system and its methods to accomplish its role in society. This short analysis will evaluate the main facts that have been affecting the criminal justice system for decades and have influenced the evolution the justice system is enduring

Mistakes Managers Often Make Free Essays

While working in a book bindery as a summer job, I came across a manager who broke one of the 101 Biggest Mistakes Managers Make.   The rule broken was: showing favoritism not based on performance. This bindery, worked in a factory like setting, and hired most people for minimum wage. We will write a custom essay sample on Mistakes Managers Often Make or any similar topic only for you Order Now    The salary offered attracted a range of people from students, to housewives, and foreign speaking Americans.   I accepted the position for minimum wage, and was happy to be busy for the summer months.   What I was not happy with was the favoritism that ran rampant throughout the bindery. My manager began showing signs of favoritism in very small ways, but as the summer wore on, the signs of favoritism began growing and growing.   It seemed that this particular bindery hired relatives, friends and anyone who knew anyone.   Obviously, this can be an asset as well as a negative.   In my case, it was a definite negative.   My manager had several relatives and friends working there that were her obvious favorites.   Since I was not related and had known her previously, I began to notice a pattern of more difficult jobs going to me, and the easier jobs going to those that she knew or liked better than me. When I brought this to her attention I was told that there was no favoritism going on and was making something out of nothing.   As this pattern continued, other workers began to take notice and become irritated.   They were reluctant to confront her due to the fact that they knew I had, and not only received no satisfaction, it seemed that I was no even more unpopular. The jobs that came my way now were ugly.   The books were extremely heavy to pack, messy to inspect and often scattered throughout the bindery so I had to go find them.   I noticed my workload and noticed the workload of the favorite ones was much, much different.   Theirs consisted of paperback books, that needed little to no inspecting and were light to pack and always on the same cart in the same place. I finally was able to convince a few people to come forward so that the issue could be resolved.   Unfortunately they did not receive satisfaction either.   In fact, they were labeled troublemakers and their workload drastically changed for the worse very quickly. At this point, I felt personally responsible for their unhappiness and difficulty at work so I decided to take the next step.   As professionally as I could be, I spoke to Human Resources about the situation.   I was assured that it would be addressed with the person immediately and I would not find any further unfairness.   I was sure that this was the end.   Work would return to normal and the workload would be evenly distributed again soon. What I did not expect was further unfairness.   This manager now truly detested me and her actions were completely obvious.   Now my jobs were piling up and all nightmare jobs.   My coworkers that had come forward now seemed to be getting a break.   All their bad jobs were coming my way instead.   I knew that this had gone from a professional disagreement to a personal one.   I didn’t know what to do.   I wanted to stand up for myself but feared future retaliation. This was just supposed to be an easy summer job.   I wasn’t sure if it was worth all the headaches.   Still, I knew what I had to do.   I made an appointment with the Vice President to discuss the matter.   He boasted of an open door policy and this time I was positive that it would be handled once and for all. My coworkers were nervous for me and still upset about what had transpired between them and her.   They were not interested in coming forward with me, and I didn’t blame them.   This was supposed to fun. Nevertheless to support me, they began taking frequent breaks, working slower, coming in late and caring less and less about the condition of the books that were being sent out.   I have to admit, although not intentional, my attitude had gotten worse which directly resulted in less care with the books.   Work in this part of the bindery was grinding to a slow halt.   Our division was getting further and further behind but nothing was done.   We were just instructed to work harder and faster. My meeting with the Vice President went well and the days after that went along much smoother.   Unfortunately by the time this meeting took place, the summer was almost over and we were still weeks behind in production. I left that summer wondering how this had happened at all.   It was a simple issue I had thought.   I had expected maturity and professionalism.   I didn’t know that people like this, with this type of mentality existed in upper management.   I learned that this type of person exists on all levels and what was a simple issue that could have been resolved in five minutes, dragged on for almost three months and resulted in hundreds, if not thousands, of dollars being lost or wasted. During my meeting with the Vice President I explained how simple this issue really was and the only reason it had gotten to him was because it had not been handled in the first place.   I let him know that employees need a person they can go to when issues arise. I suggested a non-bias person that could listen and act appropriately.   Having to go through the chain of command is a good way to start but when the problem isn’t resolved there has to be someone available, without the busy schedule of the Vice President.   The whole situation was an eye opener and taught me not only how to stand up for myself professionally but how to make suggestions that may help a company avoid these mistakes in the future. How to cite Mistakes Managers Often Make, Essay examples

Business Managing Operations and Supply Chain

Question: Discuss about the Business Managing Operations and Supply Chain. Answer: Introduction Xu and Gursoy (2015) stated that an organizational process of controlling, ensuring, and improvingquality in context of both the business approach and its productivity is known as quality management. The organization that is considered in this business report is LUX* Resorts Hotels, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of LUX* Hospitality Ltd. and also is a major hotel operator based in Mauritius and also involves in management services, operations, design, sales and marketing (Luxresorts.com 2017). The major facility that LUX* Resorts Hotels is providing is staying in hotel facility and a combination of hotel and flight facility (Luxresorts.com 2017). The booking of the room is available through their home page of the website. In order to attract more employee, the concerned organization also provide services like discount and combo offers, kids stay free offer and honeymoon offers. Thus, their major customers are especially the tourists and celebrities, who desires to spend a significant amount of money for exotic services of scenic beauty and premium hospitality (Xu and Gursoy 2015). In this business report, two operational process of the considered organization in support with the ITO framework will be describes. Moreover, a literature review of relationship between quality management and customer expectations will be illustrated along with the identification of potential quality problems in the operational delivery and challenges faced by the LUX* Resorts Hotels. Lastly, recommendation to overcome those difficulties and a conclusion of the overall discussion will be illustrated. Two operational processes that are needed to deliver those products and services to the customers The two operations that is taken into consideration for assessing the supply chain management and logistics of the LUX* Resorts Hotels are procurement management and service distribution management. Shi and Liao (2013) depicts that procurement management refers to the situation of planning and directing the activities of purchasing agents, who are liable to buy materials needed for the operations for an organization. On the other hand, a service distribution management is a process that delivers the services of the organization to their customers for better profitability. Procurement management focuses on how purchasing is done, how the product is received from suppliers, building relationships with vendors and managing internal operations (Christopher 2016). LUX resorts and hotel recognizes rewards and celebrate excellence of the supplier of the community, who has flourished over the last 12 months (Luxresorts.com 2017). They also associates with the Mauritiuss travel agents in order to fulfill their services of Hotel + Flights for their customers (Luxresorts.com 2017). Moreover, they also emphasizes on making their procurement strategy transparent by communicating with the suppliers in order to better understand their price structure for getting objects like interiors of the hotel, food supply for breakfast, lunch and dinner for the guests and Product and Service distribution management In the products and service distribution, there are different sectors for maintaining the quality of the organizational process. Stadtler (2015) suggested that in hospitality industry there are food banquets services, travelling servicing, holiday and side tour facility and offers like discount and free stay on some packages. LUX* Resorts Hotels has separate areas for full pallets and showcases for food orders to the guests, flight services for the international tourist and guests and other travel facilities for the tourist to provide them a tour package so that they can face no difficulty in their stay. Moreover, online service distribution in one of the recent initiatives that is taken by every organization (Wisner et al. 2014). In context of the technological advances, LUX* Resorts Hotels also adopted like online booking of the hotel by mentioning criteria like number of rooms, number of days for staying, number of people coming to stay so that estimation can be illustrated in r eal-time (Mangan et al. 2016). LUX* Resorts Hotels utilizes their capital, raw material, equipment, suppliers labour and implementation of new technology to formulates the final products like extraordinary facilities and services. This transformation is occurred by improving the strategic sourcing processes, and aligning the category management, strategic sourcing and supplier relationship management. There suppliers are majorly the travel agents that associates with their organization that provides travel facility to the guests. The transformation process shoes the development in the Information technology so that luxurious experience can be provided to the guests (Crandall et al. 2014). In the year 2012, LUX* Resorts Hotels also got Luxury Travel Supplier of the Year, TTG Travel Awards (Luxresorts.com 2017). Product and Service distribution management The input in this context is the service and the details of the services that are provided to the tourist regarding their hotel expenses and other facilities. The transformation process is used by giving all the availability of the details through their website buy using digital technology. The output is that the information can be delivered to the tourist in real-time with accurate information. Moreover, LUX* Resorts Hotels also have vendors and suppliers in Mauritius, Maldives, Reunion, China, Turkey, U.A.E Vietnam that also provides in-house products like customized towels, shampoo and soaps for every room is shipped directly to in-house property warehouses (Luxresorts.com 2017). Improvisation in the technology also helps in help reducing touches in the warehouse, as well as its picking operations that results in fast services. In food banquets services also, customer can place orders from their room and they an avail the service fast by the staffs of the hotel (Luxresorts.com 2 017). LUX* Resorts and Hotel also organizes painting events, yoga events, fitness classes, aqua therapy and wild-out outings in order to maintain quality of their hospitality services by selecting premium suppliers who can organize these vents with premium quality equipment (Luxresorts.com 2017). Literature review- Quality Management as a reflection of customer expectations Mitra (2016) depicts that quality management can be assesses by evaluating four factors- quality planning, quality assurance, quality control and quality improvement. Thus, an organization must have to work for the betterment of the company and adopt new technologies that can provide them a competitive advantage with respect to other companies. Trkman et al. (2015) on the other hand argues that an organization develops its organizational policies and procedures in order to fulfil the customer expectation. However, Raake and Egger (2014) portrays that managing authorities of an organization have to considers customer requirements for fulfilling their expectation and these requirements is comprised of- reliability of the products and services, responsiveness of the customers, quality assurance, empathy and tangibles. Stadtler (2015) defines that the values in management is based on two factors- stakeholder value and customer value. It is evident that in context of the stakeholder value, an organization has to emphasis on the demands and needs of their stakeholders that are- customers, employees, and society. Wisner et al. (2014) also depicts that the prime reason for considering their demands is that they are these stakeholders provide the opportunities to determine the future direction of a company by suggesting their concern. LUX* Resorts and Hotels also provide training to their staffs and suppliers so that they can satisfy the customer demands by serving them with quality services. Additionally, in terms of customers value, managing authorities of the company evaluates the eight types of customer values- efficiency, aesthetics, esteem, excellence, spirituality, status, play and ethics. Whereas Dhar (2015) argues that in contemporary organization, they have to focus majorly on four types of customer value- functional (instrumental) value, symbolic (expressive) value, experiential (hedonic) value and cost (sacrifice) value. Fawcett et al. (2014) also highlight the dimension of customer value for hospitality industry. He stated in his work that resorts managers focuses majorly on intrinsic dimension that is the enjoyment of an experience like providing exotic scenic beauty with resort. Beske and Seuring (2014) also depicts that the fulfillment of the intrinsic dimension ensures the attainment of the extrinsic dimension of the customer value. Extrinsic dimension of customer value is the accomplishment of the business objectives that is to provide facility that can meet up to the customer expectation. Additionally, dimension of self-oriented value should also consider by the managing authorities of the organization (Beske et al. 2014). In terms of the hospitality industry this self-oriented value can be created by providing customised facility to the guests like offering room of their choice or premium services within their budget. Travel agents also offer packages for the places a customer desire to visit from all the option a travelling agent shows to them. All these factors fulfill the customer expectation and enhance the quality of the service the organization is providing to their customers. Quality management Schonsleben (2016) explains that quality management is a people-focused management system that comprise of methods and tools along with the intention to adopt new technology aiming for continual increase in customer satisfaction. Krajewski et al. (2013) on the other hand, portrays that there are eight principles for quality management that an organization have to adhere. The first principle emphasizes on customer focus that is to cover both customer needs and customer service. Kuei and Lu (2013) furthermore stated another principle that plays a crucial role in the quality management is the people involvement. Every organization should focus on employee motivation, providing additional benefits and makes the employees responsible and accountable for their actions (Griffin 2016). Systematic approach to management is another important principle for quality management that ensures the alignment of complementary processes with the organizational procedure for better efficiency that result in other principle of continual improvement of the services and the organization (Goetsch and Davis 2014). Quality Management and Supply Chain Management Integration It is evident that customer always prefer to opt for the services that provides premium services in affordable cost. Surez-Barraza and Ablanedo-Rosas (2014) illustrates that customer prefers value for money. In addition to that, Gorny (2015) highlights that improving quality of the supply chain processes is equivalent to improved resource utilization and cost reductions and improved process efficiency. Bassi (2015) on the other hand argue that lower in cost investment in quality of the results in less customer satisfaction as the quality is depreciated. However, in recent times, from many researches it has been found that people prefers to get premium quality products and services irrespective of their prices. Oakland (2014) on the other hand depict that supply chin quality management refers to the study of integration between quality management and supply chain management. Thus, if great services can be available in greater price, customer will opt for the quality products. Thus, co nsidering principle of quality management that are management and strategic planning, personnel involvement, information accuracy, good supplier relations, leadership and continuous innovation, the procedure of supply chain can be enhanced that results in high satisfied customers (Goetsch and Davis 2014). Identification of potential quality problems One of the major problems is the risks management in the supply chain. Griffin (2016) depicted that an organization spend an average 50-80% of the total product cost on developing products for their organization. LUX* Resorts and Hotels also spend a portion of their annual revenue on their travel agents and local suppliers for interior decorative items. Risk like country of origin (for the organization to be operated in many nations) and shipment accuracy along with the internal process can be a challenge for an organization. Risk for visibility and mutual communication gap between the suppliers and the organization is another that should be taken into consideration. Schonsleben (2016) highlighted that only 30% of the companies have limitedvisibility to tier-1 partners while there are no company in the market havinglimited visibilitytotier-2andtier-3 partners. This leads to the risk of low quality management processes. Another problem that is faced by the organization is the assessment of the effective suppliers among the many that can align their working procedure with the culture and business approach of the organization (Dhar 2015). Thus, managing supplier related corrective actions and non-conformances is a key challenge for manufacturer. Recommendation for implementation of suggested improvements Selecting efficient supply chain partner- It is crucial for an organization to not only select the right supply chain partner but more importantly monitor and proactively manage quality in the supply chain in order to minimize the risk. Utilization of modern communication tools- Communication tools like e-mail, messages, document exchange and digital interface can ensure the mutual communication between the supplier and the organization. The mismatch in alignment issue can be resolved by using leveraging technology to connect and integrate suppliers into quality management processes. Broaden supplier assessments- Organization should assess the suppliers that have largest portion of the resources spend by the organization, their competencies and the strategic relationship with regard to a key product and client companies. This assessment allows the organization to find the most effective supplier for their organization. Establishing Clear Measurement Programs- An organization is liable for measuring supply chain partner performance in specific areas of their service quality, pricing for services, their contractor compliances and responsiveness. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that effective quality management ensures the reduction of waste and inventory along with the enhancement in the business activities for achieving the business objectives for every organization. The organization that is considered for this assignment is LUX* Resorts Hotels, whose major business is provide hospitality services, travel services along with facility like wild-out option, aqua therapy, fitness classes for guests. However, there hotels are placed at Mauritius, Maldives, Reunion, China, Turkey, U.A.E Vietnam and in order to maintain a same organizational culture, supply chain process have to be managed with quality. However, some of the problem that is identified in this assessment is the risks management in the supply chain; maintain cultures in all country of origin, shipment accuracy along with visibility and mutual communication gap. Though these risks can be overcome by implementing assessment of the effective suppliers, selecting efficient supply chain partner, utilizing modern communication tools, broaden supplier assessments and establishment of clear measurement programs. These outputs can be achieved by using ITO framework that is illustrated in this assessment for maintaining quality in the supply chain that results in fulfilling of customer expectation. Implementation of the modern technology and taking regular surveys from stakeholders for knowing competencies of the organization is accomplished through the transformation process for better output. Reference List Bassi, A., 2015. General Management Principles in the Project Management Context. In Managing Intellectual Capital and Innovation for Sustainable and Inclusive Society: Managing Intellectual Capital and Innovation; Proceedings of the MakeLearn and TIIM Joint International Conference 2015. ToKnowPress. Beske, P. and Seuring, S., 2014. Putting sustainability into supply chain management. Supply Chain Management: an international journal, 19(3), pp.322-331. Beske, P., Land, A. and Seuring, S., 2014. Sustainable supply chain management practices and dynamic capabilities in the food industry: A critical analysis of the literature. International Journal of Production Economics, 152, pp.131-143. Christopher, M., 2016. Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Crandall, R.E., Crandall, W.R. and Chen, C.C., 2014. Principles of supply chain management. CRC Press. Dhar, R.L., 2015. Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Tourism Management, 46, pp.419-430. Fawcett, S.E., Ellram, L.M. and Ogden, J.A., 2014. Supply chain management: from vision to implementation. London: Pearson. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014. Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Grny, A., 2015, August. Use of Quality Management Principles in the Shaping of Work Environment. In International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 136-142). Springer International Publishing. Griffin, R.D., 2016. Principles of air quality management. CRC Press. Krajewski, L.J., Ritzman, L.P. and Malhotra, M.K., 2013. Operations management: Processes and supply chains (Vol. 1). New York: Pearson. Kuei, C.H. and Lu, M.H., 2013. Integrating quality management principles into sustainability management. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 24(1-2), pp.62-78. Luxresorts.com., (2017). Resorts and Hotels. [online] Available at: https://www.luxresorts.com) [Accessed 11 Feb. 2017]. Mangan, J., Lalwani, C. and Lalwani, C.L., 2016. Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley Sons. Mitra, A., 2016. Fundamentals of quality control and improvement. John Wiley Sons. Oakland, J.S., 2014. Total quality management and operational excellence: text with cases. Routledge. Raake, A. and Egger, S., 2014. Quality and quality of experience. In Quality of experience (pp. 11-33). Springer International Publishing. Schonsleben, P., 2016. Integral logistics management: operations and supply chain management within and across companies. CRC Press. Shi, X. and Liao, Z., 2013. Managing supply chain relationships in the hospitality services: An empirical study of hotels and restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 35, pp.112-121. Stadtler, H., 2015. Supply chain management: An overview. In Supply chain management and advanced planning (pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Surez-Barraza, M.F. and Ablanedo-Rosas, J.H., 2014. Total quality management principles: implementation experience from Mexican organisations. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 25(5-6), pp.546-560. Trkman, P., Mertens, W., Viaene, S. and Gemmel, P., 2015. From business process management to customer process management. Business process management journal, 21(2), pp.250-266. Wisner, J.D., Tan, K.C. and Leong, G.K., 2014. Principles of supply chain management: A balanced approach. Cengage Learning. Xu, X. and Gursoy, D., 2015. A conceptual framework of sustainable hospitality supply chain management. Journal of Hospitality Marketing Management, 24(3), pp.229-259. Xu, X. and Gursoy, D., 2015. Influence of sustainable hospitality supply chain management on customers attitudes and behaviors. International journal of hospitality management, 49, pp.105-116.

Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility

Question: Discuss about the Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is more of a movement, which promotes companies to be more aware of the impacts that it creates around the locality. It also encourages the companies to have an interest in the stakeholders and around in the environment. It contributes to the development that is kept for the future without harming the present situation economically, socially and even the environmental conditions around. According to the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, CSR is a continuous process in which the company commits to be ethical in its behavior and have an improvement in the quality of life and the society at large (2012books.lardbucket.org, 2016). Greenwashing on the other hand, states that the companies try to be friendlier to the environment than they actually appear to be. Greenwashing is more of a critic to the concept of CSR. Many companies use it against their rivals to show that they can use the power more efficiently and in a very cost-effective way both at the same time (Vries et al. 2015) Corporate Social Responsibility globally has many objectives such as strategy, which deals with how to implement the business strategies without harming the economy and the environment, while the brand stays reputable as well as there is a healthy competition in the market. The relation between the customer and the product is also one of the objectives where loyalty plays a key part between the customer and the company. The company in turn uses new technologies to innovate their products by utilizing the natural resources in a cost-effective manner. Humans also are a key part of the objective as the workforce should be handled in an organized manner and various management and benefit programs should be conducted in order to satisfy the workforce and bring out the best through them by imparting knowledge, while giving them the assured remuneration (Idowu, Capaldi and Zu 2013) Greenwashing on the other hand has many sins. Most common in practice is the sin of Hidden Trade-off which states that the product is green because it may contain recycled paper or plastic. The original product may be harming the society but due to the single feature that it contains the product maybe available in the market. The second most common sin is that when the products are sent for review then the organization reviewing it consists of a limited workforce. The products on the other hand comes in at a bulk, sometimes it happens that the product might just have a single feature about the CSR but it gets passed due to negligence. Another form of sin is the vagueness of the product because the exact amount of the recycled waste is never mentioned in some of the products. The level of toxicity maybe high while recycling that product but only a certain percentage of it is mentioned on the label or on the backside of the product. The other two types of sins include lesser of two evi ls where the product maybe green while the production process takes place but when used in practical the product harms the society and the environment at large, cigarettes being the perfect example of this. The other sin is known as fibbing where the product includes posters in it that are false and that it is marketed. Customers unaware of the products keep on using it without knowing that the company has duped them with a product that is harmful to the society after a certain point of time of its usage. The companies very frequently commit these sins and the products are being used in the markets openly and freely (Alves 2009). Sustainability can never be limited to only the environment. It also affects the behavior of the humans, doing the right thing, which is enjoyable and engaging enough without harming the society, or the environment at large can be called as sustainability. The companys claim that they are trying hard enough is not suitable (Pope and Wraas 2015). The underlying claims of sustainability are often hidden and the practices that the corporate houses indulge into cause a continuous damage to the environment. The companies should be honest enough about how their doings are harming the environment. The plain truth is that as the companies claim to be green they do not look all that greener because any corporate houses or organizations do have an impact on the environment maybe on a small or large scale depending on the strength or the condition of the organization (Dzafic and Petersson 2016) In the present scenario, Greenwashing is applied by most of the companies which helped the market to gain some more rivals in that particular type of business because most companies do not want to reveal the harmful impacts it is causing because of such fierce competition. They might even be labeled as a greenwashed company, that is what the companies fear about (Carroll 2015). The companies particularly keep their green initiatives to themselves and within their area and reaping the harvest in form of cost and risk deduction, improvement in the quality of the product and a major boost in the employee satisfaction sector. To make things in a briefed version, many companies are taking the leap of faith by going into the green biz business and the numbers are on a rise. Whenever the report of the company is published annually or quarterly, they keep a separate section for the CSR activities that they have undertaken and try to publish a story. The starting of the story shows a little transparency about the company, which is a positive point as of now (Becker-Olsen and Potucek 2013). Anyone who needs to debate on the topic that is Corporate Social Responsibility a little more than Greenwashing, then it is wrong to say that as CSR activities deal with the environment to be maintained in a very healthy manner. Companies nowadays do not want to discuss their activities, as they fear that other companies may point out some mistakes in their undertaking thus hampering their brand image and reputation. However, in a way that is good, rather than being pin pointed and bought down in the eyes of their prospective customers. Knowingly or unknowingly, they make mistakes but on a small front which should not be considered as Greenwashing. Therefore, if a company particularly deals in Greenwashing then the society should start to take action on its behalf. Other than that an initial good impact gives rise for a better environment and mankind in the future. Reference List 2012books.lardbucket.org. (2016). Integrating Goals and Objectives with Corporate Social Responsibility. [online] Available at: https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/management-principles-v1.0/s10-05-integrating-goals-and-objectiv.html [Accessed 17 Dec. 2016]. Alves, I., 2009. Green spin everywhere: How greenwashing reveals the limits of the CSR paradigm.Journal of Global Change and Governance,2(1), pp.1-26. Becker-Olsen, K. and Potucek, S., 2013. Greenwashing. InEncyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility(pp. 1318-1323). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Carroll, A.B., 2015. Corporate social responsibility.Organizational Dynamics,44, pp.87-96. Dzafic, J. and Petersson, A., 2016. Greenwashing in CSR reports-A case study of two entities. Idowu, S.O., Capaldi, N. and Zu, L., 2013.Encyclopedia of corporate social responsibility. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Pope, S. and Wraas, A., 2015. CSR-Washing is Rare: A Conceptual Framework, Literature Review, and Critique.Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-21. Vries, G., Terwel, B.W., Ellemers, N. and Daamen, D.D., 2015. Sustainability or profitability? How communicated motives for environmental policy affect public perceptions of corporate greenwashing.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,22(3), pp.142-154.